Interesting article regarding the long-term role of allopregnanolone…
alzforum.org/new/detail.asp?id=2399
Some highlights…
“19 March 2010. Contrary to earlier dogma, scientists now know that the human brain does make new neurons throughout life. This raises two fundamental questions about age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease (AD): Could failing neurogenesis be part of the problem, and could boosting the process be part of a solution? Judging by recent papers, the answer to both may be yes. In the March 5 Journal of Neuroscience Research online, Orly Lazarov and colleagues at the University of Chicago, Illinois, report that neurogenesis is compromised prior to any overt signs of AD-like pathology in a double-transgenic mouse model of the disease. “The decline in neurogenesis happens so early that it might not be just a side effect, but part of the mechanism of cognitive impairment,” said Lazarov. A second paper, in this week’s PNAS online, goes further, suggesting that the impaired neurogenesis leads to cognitive deficits and that both can be reversed pharmacologically. Roberta Brinton and colleagues at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, report that allopregnanolone, a neurosteroid, revitalizes weak neurogenesis in young triple-transgenic mice and protects them against deficits in hippocampal-based learning and memory. Whether allopregnanolone will benefit older animals with established pathology is unclear at present, but Brinton told ARF that such studies are underway.”
“What brings neurogenesis down in these animals? Brinton’s lab tested allopregnanolone, a progesterone derivative that stimulates proliferation of neuron precursors (see ARF related news story). Her associates found that its levels were lower in the 3xTg mice compared to wild-type animals. Intriguingly, when the researchers gave the steroid to three-month-old 3xTg mice, it dose-dependently boosted neurogenesis. On top of that, a single sub-cutaneous injection of allopregnanolone restored associative learning by the fifth day of training in the eye-blink test. Mice that received this single dose performed like wild-type animals when tested nine days after training. The data suggest that at least in young transgenic animals, allopregnanolone can restore learning and memory”