Something interesting to ponder: Finasteride inhibits 5AR-II enzyme. After quitting the drug, many guys here find their dicks “shrinking” and retreating into a kind of “pre-pubertal” state… which seems eerily similar (though not to the same degree) to those boys/men that are born with hypospadias/micropenis due to 5AR deficiency, partial/complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, or maybe 17b-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 3 Deficiency…
I dunno, just thought, more stuff one can test for.
captura.uchile.cl/dspace/bitstre … /Rey_R.pdf
To identify steroidogenic pathway defects, and because the first steroidogenic steps are the same in the testis and the adrenal, serum levels of 17OH-pregnenolone (17OH-P5), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA),
17OH-progesterone (17OH-P4), 4-androstenedione (4-A), and cortisol
were measured in basal conditions and after a standard ACTH
stimulation test (0.25 mg iv) as previously described (23).
The post-ACTH/basal cortisol levels ratio was used to evaluate overall adrenal steroidogenic response. The functional activities of P450c17 and 3-
hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3-HSD) were assessed comparing the
results of 17OH-P5, DHEA, 17OH-P4, and 4-A measurements in our
patients with the normative values for glucocorticoids and sex steroids
in healthy pediatric population published by Lashansky et al. (24).
Furthermore, a molecular study of the 3-HSD type 2 gene (HSD3B2) was
performed, as already reported (23). The activity of testicular 17-HSD
was assessed with the testosterone/4-A ratio after hCG stimulation.
[b]The association of a lack of testosterone increase after the hCG test and a testosterone/4-A ratio less than 0.5 was considered as highly predictive of 17-HSD deficiency /b.
Finally, the activity of 5a-reductase was evaluated by using the testosterone/DHT ratio after hCG stimulation. [b]A testosterone/DHT ratio higher than 35 was considered as highly predictive of 5a-reductase deficiency /b.
A testosterone hCG/basal ratio of at least 2 associated with AMH SDS of at least 2 was considered as highly predictive of partial androgen insensitivity.
rarediseasesnetwork.epi.usf.edu/ … x.htm#nomo
17b-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 3 Deficiency
17b-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency is a very rare autosomal recessive form of male pseudohermaphroditism. Affected (46,XY) individuals are insufficiently virilized at birth to be raised as boys, and hence most are raised as girls. At the time of expected puberty, plasma testosterone levels increase, and considerable virilization occurs, similar to steroid 5a-reductase 2 deficiency. Thus, these patients, who are raised as girls initially, often request reassignment to male gender during puberty.
Diagnosis
Plasma androstenedione levels are elevated 10-fold or more, whereas testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels are in the low or low normal range for normal males. The diagnosis can be made at birth due to genital ambiguity based on the high androstenedione/testosterone ratio (basal or after hCG stimulation). Otherwise, the diagnosis is made at puberty when virilization occurs. Molecular genetic diagnosis is often required to distinguish PAIS, steroid 5a-reductase 2 deficiency, and 17b-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency, due to the similarities and difficulties in establishing these diagnoses.
3b-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Classical (severe) and nonclassical (mild) forms of 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency (3b-HSD) CAH are known. In the classical form, steroid synthesis in both the adrenal cortex and the gonads (testes, ovary) is affected.
Circulating androgen precursor steroids are converted outside the adrenal to androgens. Virilization of affected females can occur. In males, prenatal differentiation of the external genitalia is incomplete because of the gonadal defect.
Thus, in this disorder genital ambiguity can affect individuals of both sexes. Only in the severe form has a gene for 3b-HSD been identified. The nonclassical form has no demonstrated genetic mutation and seems to wax and wane hormonally.
Diagnosis
3b-HSD is diagnosed following an ACTH stimulation test showing elevation of serum D5-17-hydroxypregnenolone, dehydroepiandrostenedione, and ratios of D5-17 hydroxypregnenolone/17-hydroxyprogesterone and D5-17-hydroxypregnenolone/cortisol. The disorder has an autosomal recessive inheritance. Some 40 mutations in 3ß-HSD type II gene already have been described.