Testosterone treatment and DNA methylation

golf · February 9, 2019, 2:55am

clarify this issue.
In studies of prostate cancer, it has been found that
methylation of the AR promotor correlates with decreases
in AR mRNA levels, indicating that methylation
inhibits transcription of this gene (50,60). Similar
control of AR expression has now been demonstrated
in the brain: methylation of the AR promotor in mouse
brain cortex is induced following testosterone treatment
to gonadectomised mice, and results in a decrease in
AR mRNA expression [64].
Hippocampal CA1 cells, which contain high levels
of AR, respond to circulating androgen levels to alter
AR expression [57]. Studies of AR CAG-repeats
have shown that shorter repeat lengths are associated
with higher expression of AR [62], and as mentioned
above, shorter repeat lengths have also been associated
with AD risk [68], particularly in subjects with
low testosterone levels. The fact that altering testosterone
levels appears to have a significant effect on AR
levels, AR phosphorylation and AR promotor methylation,
suggests a complex feedback mechanism that
will need much further research before we can predict
the outcomes of testosterone supplementation or
other hormonal treatment

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