Expression and Degradation of Androgen Receptor: Mechanism and Clinical Implication

This is another interestint topic with drawing.

How to control AR expression

Regulation of AR mRNA level by androgen.

https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/88/9/4043/2845674

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I was just going to post this one.
A couple highlights, it further goes into all of these pathways of AR activity or regulation if you click on the link.

The androgen-androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway plays a key role in proper development and function of male reproductive organs, such as prostate and epididymis, as well as nonreproductive organs, such as muscle, hair follicles, and brain. Abnormalities in the androgen-AR signaling pathway have been linked to diseases, such as male infertility, Kennedy’s disease, and prostate cancer. Regulation of AR activity can be achieved in several different ways: modulation of AR gene expression, androgen binding to AR, AR nuclear translocation, AR protein stability, and AR trans -activation. This review covers mechanisms implicated in the control of AR protein expression and degradation, and their potential linkage to the androgen-related diseases. A better understanding of such mechanisms may help us to design more effective androgens and antiandrogens to battle androgen-related diseases.

Natural products that regulate AR expression

Natural dietary products have historically been used to prevent diseases in many cultures ([145](javascript:;)). Epidemiological studies show that natural products containing curcumin, vitamin D, vitamin E, selenium, lycopene, phytoestrogens, resveratrol, quercetin, long-chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and silymarin have been used to prevent or delay prostate cancer development ([145](javascript:;)). Efforts have been made to develop analogs with better anticancer properties than the natural products. The antiprostate cancer properties of many natural products may be linked to their anti-AR activity.